(一)In on+时间辨析

1、表示某段时间前用：in

如：in the morning 指在早上，不具体只哪一天早上。

I have breakfast in the morning 我早上吃早餐了

2、具体某一天前用：on

如：on Sunday morning 星期天上午

on a cold winter morning 一个寒冷的冬日清晨

(二)In on at +地点辨析

in the corner（of the wall）在角落里，在墙角，

at the street corner 在街道拐角处

on the corner of the desk 在桌角上

in France, at Paris. 在法国巴黎。(相对法国来讲，巴黎只是一个“点”)

(三)After & in+ 一段时间

after/ in 皆可表示时间在„„之后，其区别为：

after

1）表示“在某点时间之后”，用于将来时。

如：We’ll go out for a walk after supper.

2）表示“一段时间之后”，用于过去时。

如：My mother came home after half an hour.

In

表示“一段时间之后”，用于将来时。

如：We’ll go to school in two weeks.

(四)In by with 工具

He writes in black ink.（用„„材料）

The guard cut one boot open with a knife.（用„„工具）

She always goes to school by bike.（用„„手段）

(五)By/ beside/near 临近

by, beside 指在........旁边 ，可互换

Near 指在.......附近（较远）

They lived near the town, beside / by a factory.

(六) by day（指白天）

by the day（按日计算）

I worked here by day and I am paid by the day.

by 可指相差的数量

The rate has decreased by 2% to 5.4%, compared with 7.4% last year.

(七)on/ in / to 地理位置

Mongolia is on the north of china.（与中国接壤，不属于中国）

Japan is to the east of china.（不属于中国，且不接壤）

Taiwan is in the east of China.（台湾属于中国）

(八)To/towards 方向

To 有运动方向和到达目的处双重含义

Toward(s) 仅表示运动方向

When I went to the bridge，a man was walking towards the river slowly

(九)Below under 在…下

1. under 主要表示垂直在下的正下方，below 则不一定表示正下方

2. 两者均可表示数量方面的“少于”（多用 under）

He can’t be much below/under sixty.

3. 若表示一物被另一物所覆盖, 则通常用 under.

She was holding a folder under her arm.

4. 在…影响下，由…造成 通常使用 under

The work was completed under very difficult conditions

5. 表根据通常使用 under

Under the current rules

(十) between /among 在… 之间

Can you say the differences between the two words?（两者之间）

Premier Chou En-lai lives among the people forever.（三者或三者以上）

(十一) besides/except/except for/but for/but 除了

We have seen the crocodile besides lion.（除„„之外，还有）全部计算在内

We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除„„之外）不计算在内

Except 讨论同类的东西

Except for 讨论不同类的东西（整体中的一个细节）

Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.

But for 表示虚拟语气 意为：要不是

But for my help, she would not have passed the exam.

But 和 except 一般不置于句首 Everyone is tired but (except) me.

But 有很多限制 ，except 无限制

(十二) since/for +时间

since 表示从过去某一时间以来

for 表示一段时间

I have been living here since 1982.（自 1982 年以来，我一直住在这里）

I have been living here for 20 years.（我已经在这里住了 20 年了）

(十三) Make of/from 由…制成

The desk is made of wood（看得出材料）

Paper is made from wood.（看不出材料）

The bread is made up of flour, sugar and milk.（由数种成分组成）

(十四)through/past/across/over 过

The new railway runs through the small town.（穿过）

He walked slowly past the tall building.（从旁边经过）

Mary walked across the park to do some shopping.（强调从一边到另一边, 且是越过平面）

She lives across the plain, and he lives over the mountain in the west.（over 指越过山、墙）

(十五) Despite & although 虽然、尽管

Despite = in spite of（介词）

although（连词）

Despite 是介词，后面接名词或动名词，不能跟句子

Although 是连词，后面要跟句子。

Although I was ill yesterday, I still went to school.

Despite failure in the exam, I still have a chance to win in the term.

(十六) as /like 像

as

1）作为„„，充当 +名词

She acted as an interpreter.

2） 像„„一样；当，由于+句子

As it was cold, I didn’t go outside.

3） 构成短语 such… as, the same … as, as…as 或引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子

He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was

As is well known，oceans cover more than 70％ of the earth

Like 像„„一样+名词

John sings like a nightingale.

一般可以互换, 下例这种不可以

Like your father, he wants you to succeed in your life.

（像你父亲一样，他希望你在生活中取得成功。）

As your father, he wants you to succeed in your life.

（作为你的父亲，他希望你在生活中取得成功。）

(十七) worth 的用法

worth，worthy，worth-while 都为 adj. 意为"值得"。

1. worth：

be worth sth. 当名词为金钱时，表示"„„ 值得„„"

be worth doing sth. "„„某事值得被做"

The question is not worth discussing again and again.

2. worthy：

be worthy of sth/being done. 当名词为抽象名词时表示"„„值得„„"

be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"

The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.

3. worth-while：

be worth-while to do sth

"值得做某事"

4. worth while：

It is worth while doing sth

It is worth while（sb）to do sth